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Unit 1 Fresh Start
Section A
1-2 Text A: Toward a brighter future for all
Pre-reading activities
Pre-reading activities-1
1) B
2) D
3) C
4) A
5) E
Pre-reading activities-2
1) In fact all the pieces of advice mentioned in the interview are very useful. But if I have to choose one as the most useful, I'd choose "keep a balance". When we were in high school, we spent almost all our time studying. There lacked a balance between social life and academic life in high school. It's important to keep a balance between life and work because it will give us a sound mind in a sound body. Now we have much more free time, so we can join student organizations or go to different activities.
2) Before I left for college my parents did have a talk with me. They told me how important college experience would be in my life. They told me about the opportunities that college education would open up to me. They told me to try to develop more interests and join some student clubs. The most impressive advice they gave me was that I should not only read books about my major; instead, they advised me to read as widely as possible. All these are very valuable pieces of advice.
Reading comprehension
Reading comprehension-1
1) The parents reminded their children to work hard and achieve the best they could.
2) The president calls on the students to make the most of the great resources on campus: to explore new subjects, to meet fascinating people, and to pursue new passions.
3) By saying "sample them widely", the president means students should try many different courses and try something new to see what it is like.
4) If we don't challenge ourselves, we will not become broadly educated people, and we may not find the passion that will help us shape our future.
5) We can learn from the example of Vera Wang that we should challenge ourselves, and by challenging ourselves, we are more likely to find an interest we don't know we have, and this interest may help us build a prosperous future.
6) We should not worry, and we should learn to face this new part of our life with enthusiasm. College experiences, pleasant or unpleasant, will provide us with valuable lessons and will enrich our life.
7) The expression "Now it is your turn" means that now it is time for you to acquire knowledge and to pass it on.
8) The president's welcoming speech is really impressive. He mentions many important things about college life, the resources available on campus, as well as the opportunities we have and the responsibilities that we should take. The speech is very inspiring.
Reading comprehension-2
1) A university education will play a very important role in my life, and it will benefit me in a number of ways. In the university I can acquire specialized knowledge about my major, and develop my critical thinking and research skills. I will have the opportunities to meet and share ideas with people of different minds. I can gain a broader view of the world by meeting people from diverse backgrounds and cultures. And I will start my life journey of self-discovery, self-improvement, and self-fulfillment.
2) Yes, absolutely. With a university education, a person will have more freedom and therefore more choices. This education experience provides unlimited potential. Moreover, a university education provides the means for one to succeed. Not only will a person obtain knowledge and skills essential for his career development, but he will also develop an independent mind and be able to make right decisions on his own.
3) I admire those who dropped out of university and yet had made fame for themselves by achieving big goals. Some people use those successful college dropouts as counterexamples to show their belief that a person can succeed even without a university education. Chances are that most people do not have the same mind, talent, determination, or opportunities as Bill Gates, Steve Jobs, and Mark Zuckerberg did; therefore, they might not be able to achieve success without having a university education. In fact, a university education will equip them with the necessary knowledge and skills which will help them to succeed.
4) Nowadays education is getting more and more expensive, especially college education. And there are people who choose to give up education because of the high cost. But without education, one would not be able to acquire knowledge that an education will offer. In other words, they would be "ignorant". The result would be that "ignorant" people will suffer even more or pay even more for being so. It is true that education is expensive, but if you try "ignorance", the cost would be even higher.
5) To sample widely and challenge myself, I am going to venture out of my comfort zone and do what I have not had the courage to do. For instance, I will make friends with people from diverse backgrounds and cultures. I will take a swimming class and learn how to swim. I will attend lectures, join student clubs, and try all kinds of food. Most of all, I will do whatever it takes to make the most of the four years and try to become a well-rounded graduate.
1-3 Text A: Language focus
Words in use
1. confidence
2. explore
3. emerged
4. assume
5. pose
6. comprehensive
7. resources
8. yield
9. inherited
10. transmit
Word building: Practice
Word building: Practice-1
1) uncover
2) uneasy
3) unload
4) applicant
5) resistant
6) accountant
7) assist
8) simplify
9) notify
10) qualify
11) classify
Word building: Practice-2
1. classified
2. assist
3. resistant
4. uncovered
5. uneasy
6. qualify
7. unloading
8. applicants
9. simplified
10. accountant
11. notified
Banked cloze
1) classify
2) passion
3) attain
4) pursue
5) virtually
6) fascinating
7) prosperous
8) acquire
9) available
10) sample
Expressions in use
1) got by
2) make the most of
3) in advance
4) over time
5) reap the benefits of
6) all at once
7) remind
8) of
9) stand a chance of
10) open the door to
11) take pleasure in
1-4 Structure analysis & writing
Structure analysis: Practice
1) A
2) B
3) B
4) C
Structured writing: Practice
参考：There are some things you can do to succeed in college. First, pursue passions. Your passions will broaden your mind and make your life interesting. Second, never let go of any opportunities that come your way. College is full of unique opportunities, which will enable you to sample new things and meet wonderful people. Lastly, take responsibilities. In college you must learn to be responsible for your own decisions and actions. With the passions, the opportunities, and the ability to take responsibilities, you will become successful not only in college, but also in your future career.
1-5 Translation
Translation
Translation-1
参考：苏格拉底是古希腊哲学家，被誉为现代西方哲学的奠基人。他是一个谜一般的人物，人们主要通过后来的一些古典作家的叙述，尤其是他最著名的学生柏拉图的作品去了解他。苏格拉底以他对伦理学的贡献而闻名。他的教学法亦称为苏格拉底法，即通过提问和回答来激发批判性思维以及阐述观点。该方法在各种讨论中仍被普遍使用。他还在认识论和逻辑领域作出了重大而深远的贡献。他的思想和方法所带来的影响一直是后来的西方哲学的坚实基础。苏格拉底是古代哲学史上最丰富多彩的人物。他在他那个时代已威名远扬。虽然他未曾建立什么哲学体系，未曾设立什么学派，也未曾创立什么宗派，但他的名字很快就变得家喻户晓了。
Translation-2
参考：Confucius was a great thinker and educator in Chinese history. He was the founder of Confucianism and was respectfully referred to as an ancient "sage". His words and life story were recorded in The Analects. An enduring classic of ancient Chinese culture, The Analects has had a great influence on the thinkers, writers, and statesmen that came after Confucius. Without studying this book, one could hardly truly understand the thousands-of-years' traditional Chinese culture. Much of Confucius' thought, especially his thought on education, has had a profound influence on Chinese society. In the 21st century, Confucian thought not only retains the attention of the Chinese, but it also wins an increasing attention from the international community.
Section B
1-6 Reading skills
Practice
1) A
2) A
3) C
1) C,B,E
1-7 Text B: What we wish
Reading comprehension
Reading comprehension-1
1) The father is happy that his child is going to college and will have new exciting experiences. Meantime, the father feels sad to see the child leave.
2) Because it is in college that the child will find out what learning is about.
3) The statement "Education is what remains after one has forgotten everything he learned in school" was made by Einstein. It means that the details you have learned or the facts you have remembered are not important. What is really important is the fact that you have learned how to learn and that you have developed a way of thinking and a sense of responsibility.
4) The father thinks his child should take courses that will stimulate his interest and improve his intellectual capacity.
5) What Steve Jobs meant was that in college, your passion will guide you to learn a lot of new and seemingly unconnected things; but later, those unconnected things will become connected and help you build your life and career.
6) The father warns his child not to be upset by low grades. They are only letters and are not important.
7) Genuine and sincere people can become our friends.
8) The father is eager to see what his child will develop into, and what achievements his child will make in the future.
Reading comprehension-2
1) I felt somewhat sad when the time came for me to leave my parents for college because I had to leave them for the first time in my life. I missed all the comforts they provided for me at home. But in the meanwhile, I felt excited about my new experience of living on campus. For me, living on my own was an indication of independence and responsibilities. I was looking forward to this new and exciting leg of my life journey.
2) My parents expect me to try my best in all aspects. They said to me when I left home for college, "Doing your best does not just mean you have to get straight A's. It means you should work as hard as you can, develop and flourish socially, and enjoy life fully." They have very high expectations of me because they believe in me. They know that I have the motivation and ability to achieve the goals I have set.
3) I like to be friends with people who have similar hobbies to mine. If we have similar hobbies, we will have a lot to talk about with each other. I also like to make friends with outgoing people because I am very shy.
I only make friends with people who are honest, polite, and sincere. I don't care whether we share similar hobbies or interests or not. As long as he / she is a nice person, I'll be happy to be friends with him / her.
4) Actually, I think almost all courses can stimulate our intellectual capacity. To some people, courses that require them to solve problems, such as math, physics, and engineering, can enhance their intellectual capacity. But to other people their intellectual capacity can be developed more by courses like music, philosophy, or literature, because they have to use their brainpower to think and seek answers since there are no right or wrong answers to many questions in these fields. Personally, I think learning something new will definitely stimulate my intellectual capacity, so I'm going to take some courses both in arts and science.
5) When I was a kid, my parents had to work away from home, so I had to stay with my relatives for four years without my parents being around. As a result, I have learned to be very adaptable. Now, I can study and live in different environments. Being able to adapt is thus one of my dots.
1-8 Text B: Language focus
Words in use
1. stimulate
2. potential
3. cultivate
4. instinct
5. confident
6. assured
7. curiosity
8. participate
9. approach
10. capacity
Expressions in use
1. into
2. like
3. to
4. up
5. to
6. up
7. off,out
8. in
Sentence structure
Sentence structure-1
1) Some people love pets and regard them as friends while other people dislike pets and think they may cause diseases.
2) Jerry is very bold and likes taking risks while his brother is extremely careful and thinks things through before doing anything.
3) Beijing is a busy city with a large population while my hometown is very quiet with a small population.
Sentence structure-2
1. It is Sam that / who thinks
2. It was during my undergraduate studies that
3. It is the curiosity and creativity of children that
1-9 Collocation
Practice
1) A
2) A
3) B
4) A
5) A
6) B
7) B
8) B
Unit 2 Loving parents, loving children
Section A
2-2 Text A: A child's clutter awaits an adult's return
Pre-reading activities
Pre-reading activities-1
参考：Answers will vary. All answers are acceptable.
Pre-reading activities-2
1) I am very close to my parents. In fact, we are like friends. I never keep a secret from them. When I have problems, I ask them for their advice. They give me directions about life. I like this relationship with my parents, and I think this is what parent-child relationship should be like.
2) If I were not very close to my parents, I would do the following to improve our relationship:
find out where the problem is and talk to my parents about it;
do something that makes them happy;
call them often when I am away from home;
keep them informed of what I am doing;
care for their feelings;
be open and willing to communicate.
Reading comprehension
Reading comprehension-1
1) The daughter bought a large and expensive vehicle probably because her mother advised her to buy a practical and gas-efficient car. The daughter did this on purpose because at this age, she was being rebellious.
2) The mother wants to show that although her daughter tries to show she is an adult, actually she is not.
3) The mother is happy that her daughter is independent now, but on the other hand, she feels doubtful whether her daughter could take good care of herself.
4) The mother wants to show that her daughter is not ready to be an adult yet.
5) The mother puts her daughter's books onto a single shelf to deal with later.
6) The mother finds an envelope with items such as old family photographs, letters, greeting cards, and love notes they gave their daughter and sees the words "DO NOT THROW AWAY" marked on the envelope. Her attitude then changes.
7) At first the mother decides to throw some of the items away and donate the rest to charity. After she sees the brown envelope, she changes her mind and puts them back in place.
8) Because the mother knows that the sweet childhood memories will bring her daughter back.
Reading comprehension-2
1) If I were the daughter, I would be very much touched when I read the article. I would call my mom to say sorry for acting rebelliously and would tell her how much I love her. Probably I would return home as soon as I can.
2) I don't think it is wise to refuse parents' advice or even do the opposite without a good reason. Your parents care about you more than anybody else and always want to share their experience with you. If you follow their advice, you can at least learn from their experience and avoid making some silly mistakes. If you don't take their advice, you may still get experience but in a hard way. Besides, your parents may directly point out your weaknesses that your peers wouldn't. So, listening to your parents' advice can make you smarter and help you grow mature.
3) Good communication will, in my view, help build a good relationship. The following are my ways to strengthen communication with my parents:
visit them whenever possible;
invite them to see what I am doing at college;
teach them to use new communication tools, such as WeChat and Skype, so that they can communicate with me wherever I am;
try to look at things from their perspectives; and
share with them my feelings, problems or ambitions.
4) Although there is no standard pattern for a good parent-child relationship, some common factors can contribute to a more successful relationship:
respect each other;
support and encourage each other;
understand each other;
love each other;
have fun together; and
be friends.
5) Yes, many parents are expecting too much of their children. First, most families have only one child and parents want to make a perfect child out of them. Second, competition is intense in school and at work today. So parents want their children to learn as much as possible so as to gain advantages over others in competition. It's not uncommon that some parents force their children to achieve what is even hard for adults. But they ignore the fact that winning is not the only important thing and that children should have their own enjoyment and preferences.
No, I don't think parents today are expecting too much of their children. Competition is becoming increasingly intense in school and at the workplace. So it is natural for parents to help their children to make full use of their talent and become as competitive as possible. They know better about how far their children can go. Besides, more and more parents, including my parents, think it is more important for their children to be healthy and happy. Of course, while they expect that their children study hard and achieve success, they should at the same time see to it that their children are not overworking themselves.
2-3 Text A: Language focus
Words in use
1. awaits
2. efficiency
3. donation
4. polished
5. stuffed
6. historical
7. emotional
8. embarrassed
9. dump
10. curb
Words building: Practice
Words building: Practice-1
1) employer
2) compute
3) interpret
4) atomic
5) artistic
6) economic
7) historic
8) electron
9) envious
10) continuous
11) fame
12) vary
Words building: Practice-2
1. interpreted
2. employer
3. artistic
4. historic
5. compute
6. continuous
7. economic
8. fame
9. electron
10. atomic
11. envious
12. vary
Banked cloze
1) embarrassment
2) ridiculous
3) appreciate
4) Otherwise
5) emotional
6) reverse
7) reduce
8) romantic
9) overwhelmed
10) beloved
Expressions in use
1. made it
2. After all
3. strip off
4. with open arms
5. throw away
6. straighten up
7. keep back
8. free of,free from
2-4 Structure analysis & writing
Structure analysis: Practice
1) A
2) B
3) C
4) D
Structured writing: Practice
参考：Parents may get disappointed when you fail to meet their expectations. They may strongly object to your lifestyle and complain that you are wasting time on unimportant things. To solve this problem, you may try to make them understand that you are a responsible person. First tell them that you have inherited many of their merits. Then remind them that you have your own thoughts and life goals as an individual. You can also explain how your lifestyle will help you in a positive way. You may not be able to change your parents' opinions overnight, but if you keep trying, it will eventually work.
2-5 Translation
Translation
Translation-1
参考：圣诞节是一个被广泛庆祝的文化节日，全世界有许许多多的人在12月25日庆祝这一节日。它是为了纪念耶稣基督的诞辰。该节日最早可追溯到公元336年。渐渐地，这一节日演变为一个既是宗教又是非宗教的节日，越来越多的非基督徒也庆祝圣诞节。如今，圣诞节在全球被作为一个重大的节日和公共假日来庆祝。不同国家的圣诞节风俗也各不相同。现代流行的圣诞节风俗包括交换圣诞贺卡和圣诞礼物、唱圣诞歌曲、参加教堂活动、摆放各种圣诞装饰品和圣诞树、举行家庭聚会以及准备一顿特别的大餐。对小孩子们来说，这个节日充满了幻想和惊喜。据传说，圣诞老人会在圣诞夜从烟囱进入每户人家，给乖巧听话的孩子带来礼物。由于圣诞节送礼物以及许多其他方面推动了基督徒和非基督徒的经济活动，圣诞节也因此成为商家的一个重大活动和主要销售季。
Translation-2
参考：According to the Chinese lunar calendar, August 15 of every year is a traditional Chinese festival the Mid-Autumn Festival. This day is the middle of autumn, so it is called Mid-Autumn. One of the important Mid-Autumn Festival activities is to enjoy the moon. On that night, people gather together to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival, looking up at the bright moon and eating moon cakes. The festival is also a time for family reunion. People living far away from home will express their feelings of missing their hometowns and families at this festival. There are many customs to celebrate the festival, all expressing people's love and hope for a happy life. Since 2008, the Mid-Autumn Festival has become an official national holiday in China.
Section B
2-7 Text B: Time slows down
Reading comprehension
Reading comprehension-1
1) D
2) B
3) C
4) C
5) C
6) D
7) D
8) A
Reading comprehension-2
1) To be a good parent is quite challenging and demanding. A good parent should:
attend to children's physical and spiritual needs;
be supportive in times of difficulties;
share life experiences without preaching;
share hobbies and doing sports with their children; and
respect their children's privacy.
2) My parents took good care of my sister and me. They regarded it their duty to make sure that we had good food, decent clothes, and a nice place to live in. But they also required us to do whatever they told us to do. And we were supposed to keep no secrets from them. If I were a parent, I would try my best to supply the best for my child(ren)'s daily needs, just as what my parents did to me. But I would also do something different: I would respect my child(ren)'s privacy; I would not give orders. Instead, I would try to become their friends and encourage them to do what they like.
3) Yes, after reading the two stories in this unit, I have come to a better understanding of my parents' love for me. Though my father and mother show their love in different ways, everything they do for me is meant to do me good, even when they are being tough with me. Most times I tend to take their love for granted. I rarely spend time thinking about their love for me, let alone expressing thanks for their love. A better understanding of my parents' love will prompt me to think about what I can do to them, and how I can repay them for their selfless love.
4) Conflicts between parents and children may be sometimes inevitable. However, there are something we can do to reconcile and solve the disagreement:
calm down anger only makes things worse;
analyze the reason for the conflicts;
try to be in our parents' shoes and see things from their angle;
explain what is on our mind and try to have their support; and
make compromises whenever we can.
5) Nowadays many young people are too busy to spend time with their parents. This has been a social problem of public concern. It is true that young people today are facing great pressure from work. They have so many things to do that they often have to work extra hours. But this is no excuse for neglecting their parents. Busy as they are, they should try to set aside time to be with their parents, especially on the weekend. The aging parents may feel deserted and lonely, being left at the "empty nest". In fact, this social problem has prompted the government to take action and make it part of the law that children should regularly visit their parents and attend to their parents' needs. So as young people, we should realize the problem and try to spend as much time as possible with our parents.
2-8 Text B: Language focus
Words in use
1. awkward
2. stretch
3. overtaking
4. delicate
5. anticipate
6. immense
7. reluctance
8. suspicious
9. complain
10. melted
Expressions in use
1. out
2. for
3. with
4. in,of
5. in
6. down
7. to
8. aboard,on
Sentence structure
Sentence structure-1
1. So did the ache in his legs
2. Nor does his mother
3. so did other television news programs and major newspapers
Sentence structure-2
1) Not that I don't like your apple pie, but (that) my doctor tells me not to have any.
2) Not that she is unwilling to help you, but (that) she is tied up with extra work these days.
3) Not that some coffee beans or tea bags are more flavorful than others, but (that) people love changes.
2-9 Collocation
Practice
1) effort
2) decision
3) preparations
4) arrangements
5) meal
6) mess
7) complaints
8) attempts
9) sense
10) excuses
11) suggestions
12) contribution
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发表于 2023-1-1 16:45:40